| MySQL | Oracle Database |
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| Category | database engine | database engine |
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| Developer | Oracle | Oracle |
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| Created by | Michael Widenius, David Axmark, Allan Larsson | Larry Ellison, Bob Miner, Ed Oates |
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| First release | 1995 | 1979 |
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| License | GPL-2.0 | Proprietary |
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| Open source | Yes | No |
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| Pricing | Free with paid plans | Free with paid plans |
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| Website | https://www.mysql.com | https://www.oracle.com/database |
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| Written in | C, C++ | C |
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| Data model | Relational | Relational, Document, Graph, Vector |
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| Storage layout | Row-oriented | Hybrid row and column |
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| Workload | Transactions (OLTP) | Both (HTAP) |
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| Analytics architecture | Not an analytics platform | Not an analytics platform |
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| Query language | SQL | SQL, PL/SQL |
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| ACID transactions | Yes | Yes |
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| Schema | Strict | Strict |
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| Deployment | Server, Managed cloud | Server, Distributed cluster, Managed cloud |
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| Scaling | Replication | Replication |
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| Create, read, update, delete | Create: fast (Quick inserts with InnoDB); Read: fast (Fast primary key and index lookups); Update: fast (In-place updates with undo logs); Delete: fast (Cheap deletes, space reused by InnoDB) | Create: fast (Fast inserts, direct-path loads); Read: fast (Mature optimizer, in-memory column store); Update: fast (In-place updates with undo); Delete: fast (Fast deletes) |
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