| JavaScript | Python |
|---|
| Category | programming language | programming language |
|---|
| Developer | Ecma TC39 | Python Software Foundation |
|---|
| Created by | Brendan Eich | Guido van Rossum |
|---|
| First release | 1995 | 1991 |
|---|
| License | Open standard | PSF License |
|---|
| Open source | Yes | Yes |
|---|
| Pricing | Free | Free |
|---|
| Website | https://tc39.es | https://www.python.org |
|---|
| Paradigms | Object-oriented, Functional, Procedural | Object-oriented, Functional, Procedural |
|---|
| Typing | Dynamic | Dynamic |
|---|
| Type strength | Weak | Strong |
|---|
| Type inference | No | No |
|---|
| Memory management | Garbage collected | Reference counted |
|---|
| Runs as | Interpreted | Bytecode on a virtual machine |
|---|
| Main implementation | V8, SpiderMonkey, JavaScriptCore (JIT compiled) | CPython |
|---|
| Concurrency | Event loop, async/await, workers | Threads (free-threaded builds), asyncio, processes |
|---|
| Null safety | No | No |
|---|
| Package manager | npm | pip, uv |
|---|
| Used for | Web front end, Back end, Desktop, Mobile | Data and AI, Back end, Scripting, Scientific computing |
|---|
| Specification | ECMA-262 | None, CPython is the reference |
|---|